Types of Hats
An Alphabetic List E - M
Types of Hats Continued:
Below, you will find more of many different types of hats that have been recorded in the history of Millinery. While this is not a complete list, I am still discovering more as my research continues and I suspect that I will be researching for the rest of my life.
I love all hats and to list every style I would have a massive list, and as I don't profess to know them all, I will list those that I do know, and as you read on, you will see how many types there really are.
Listed are many different types of hats, spanning over centuries, and each have different means of technique to produce. Given time, you will find a link to "how to Make" some of the styles which are worn currently, however, you will also find that some hats are called by several different names, so you are sure to find repetition on occasions. Over the years, the millinery techniques used are very similar, but of course, some of the materials used in millinery today is different to that of years gone by.
Types of Hats
EGYPTIAN CROWN - Illustration of the Egyptian Helmet Crown, from the portrait bust of Queen Nofretete, Dynasty XVII, c.1372-1355 B.C. About 3000 B.C., King Narmer united Upper and Lower Egypt. He combined the tall, pointed ATEF crown of white felt or wool with the RED WICKER CROWN, when he united the two kingdoms. Crowns were often decorated with the URAEUS ( a rearing viper ) and with the ANKH crown ( a sign of life ).
EMBROIDERED HATS - Many types of hats which featured hand or machine embroidery.
EMPIRE BONNET - 1865-70 small close-fitting bonnet similar to a baby's bonnet exposing the forehead and back of neck.
ESCOFFIN - ( 14c., 15c. )Late medieval to Renaissance headdress shaped into a halo or horns with padded rolls of various shapes. Originally a turban or heart shaped form, finally the two-horned shape worn over a caul and with wimple, or both. Began as GOLDEN NET CAUL, over a caul, finally the ESCOFFION was supplanted by the HENNIN with veil ( 15c. )
ETON - ( ee ton ) - Cap worn by boys at Eton College, England.
EUGENIE HAT - (u shay nee ) - The EMPRESS HAT of 1859. Style of Empress Eugenie, wife of Napoleon III. A revival of this style in 1931 was worn tilted over the right eye, and trimmed with ostrich feather. These types of hats were a favorite style worn by Princess Diana in 1980.
EUGENIE WIG- was a knitted montero cap, so named because they were presented to the English Arctic expedition of 1875 by refugee Empress Eugenie. This form of cap still worn by farmers and huntsmen.
To see even more different types of hats, click on the link below:-
Types of Hats - Alphabetical list N - Z
FANCHON - Triangular shape forming a gentle slope over the back of the head when seen in profile.
FANCY DRESS HATS - Many types of hats worn depicting a character of the past.
FASCINATORS - A romantic name for a long knitted or crocheted scarf-like hood that came down over the shoulders 1865-1910 More recently refers to a small headpiece.
FAUX FUR HATS - Many types of hats covered in fake fur instead of fabric.
FEATHER HATS - Many types of hats that are covered with any kind of feather
FEDORA - ( fe doe ra ) - Men's soft felt hat with brim and lengthwise crease in crown , adopted by women. The name Fedora was after the heroine of Victorian Sardou's drama presented in Paris in 1882. Also TYROLEAN HAT, ALPINE HAT, HOMBURG.
FELT HATS - Many types of hats that are made from fur, beaver or wool felt.
FERRONIERE - Renaissance headdress of Oriental design that had a jewel in middle of forehead, suspended from a fine chain or ribbon that was tied around the head. Fashion revived at various times.
FEZ - Red or black, felt cap that is shaped like a truncated cone and trimmed with a tassel. Turkish official dress from early 19c. until outlawed in 1923. Still worn in other parts of the near East. Got its name from Fez, French Morocco, where juice of red berry, used for dye, grew in vicinity. Also CHECHIA, TARBOOSH.
FILLET - A band worn around the head that holds the hair in place. In the early 13c., the fillet widens into a pillbox.
FLAT CAP - See CITY FLAT CAP, STATUTE CAP.
FONTANGE - ( FON TAHNZH ) - Style originated in 1678, when the elaborate headdress of Duchess de Fontange was disarranged during a royal hunt. She tied her curls up with a garter of ribbon and lace and created a fashion. She became mistress of Louis XIV. This high curled coiffure with ribbon loops later became the BONNET FONTAGE, with a lace peak in front and a small cap. Fashionable until 1714, when Lady Sandwich, while presented at the French Court, appeared in a simple low hair-do and started a new fashion. In England called the TOWER CAP, COMMADE.
FORAGE CAP - Late 19c. American Army cap. See KEPI, Copy of German cap.
FRENCH HOOD - ( 16c. ) Worn in various forms. The French Hood gradually replaced the Gable Hood. Smaller versions of the French Hood appeared in Holbein portraits. ( Lady Lee )
FRONTLET - ( 15C. ) The CALOTTE had a black velvet or gold, rounded or V-shaped loop showing on the forehead to which the HENNIN was attached. The FRONTLET enabled the wearer to adjust the weight of the HENNIN which was worn at 40 degree angle.GORGET ( gor jit ) - ( 14c., 15c. ) Draped linen or silk cloth, covering neck and pinned to the hair plaits or chin strap. Also tucked into neckline of grown. Also GUIMP.
FUR HATS - Many types of Hats that are made from animal pelts.
To see even more different types of hats, click on the link below:-
Back to Types of Hats - Alphabetical list A - B
GABLE OR DIAMOND SHAPED HOOD - ( 16c. ) Hood with a long back curtain, front lappets down on either side or pinned up. Later versions showed back curtain divided and pinned up. Style associated with the reign of Henry VIII, as portrayed by court paint, Holbein. Also PEDIMENTAL HOOD.
GAINSBOROUGH or MARLBOROUGH - ( 18c. ) These two English portrait painters influenced feminine fashion. Hat had a low crown and wide brim that turned up at one side, trimmed with plumes and taffeta or velvet ribbon. Designed to cover elaborate headdress.
GANGSTER HATS - A fedora style hat named after the American gangsters of the early nineteenth century.
GARIBALDI PILLBOX - ( 1860's ) The braid scrolled pillbox, inspired by the triumphs of the Italian liberator, Garibaldi, was adopted by fashionable women in London.
GAUCHO - ( gow cho ) - Hat with wide tilted brim anchored with cord that tied under the chin. Worn by South American gauchos.
GIBSON GIRL - ( 1890's ) Sailor hat style shown in illustrations by American artist, Charles Dana Gibson.
GIBUS - ( jy bus ) - A Top hat with a fabric crown which concealed a metal framework enabling the hat to collapse for carrying under the arm. Man's collapsible silk opera hat. Patented in 1837 by French inventor, Gibus.
GLENGARRY BONNET - Blue woolen cap creased through the crown, like today's overseas cap. Appeared in 1805 in Glengarry, Invernesshire, Scotland. Cap has stiff sides and bound edges, finished with short ribbons hanging in back. GOB CAP - White cotton twill hat, four piece crown, and multi-stitched, turned-up brim. Formerly worn by sailors or gobs of the U. S. Navy.
To see even more different types of hats, click on the link below:-
Types of Hats - Alphabetical list N - Z
HALF HAT - Any small hat that covers part of crown area.
HALO HAT - A late nineteenth century hat with an upturned brim that framed the face in a semi-circle shape, popular throughout the 1940s.
HAVELOCK - Protective material that covers the neck and is attached to back of cap. ( Sir Henry Havelock, 1857 )
HEAD - ( 1770's ) Monstrous hair and hair covering styles worn during reign of Queen Marie Antoinette.
HEADPIECES - A small head decoration that isn't strictly a hat.
HEADRAIL - ( 10c., 11c. ) ( Britain ) Woman's headdress, consisting of drapery wrapped over the head, around the neck, and crossed over the shoulder.
HEART SHAPED HEADDRESS - ( 15c. ) The CAULS developed into wide horned headdresses. In time the horned formations gradually rose from a horizontal position to a vertical position. This created a heart shaped effect.
HELMET - A close fitting rigid head covering first worn by the military to protect the head in battle. In Millinery terms, it refers to a brimless close fitting bowl shaped hat, something like the cloche of the 1920s.
HENNIN - ( 1440-1470 ) Term later applied derisively to all huge head coverings. The Oriental tiara headdress from the end of which floated a light veil. A very tall, steeple like medieval headdress. usually pointed headdress brought to Europe by the Crusaders. Also LITTLE HENNIN, STEEPLE HEADDRESS ( tall ) BUTTERFLY.
HOMBURG - ( hom burg ) - From hat manufactured at Bad Homburg, Germany. Soft, elegant, felt hat with tapered, creased crown and rolled brim that had a bound edge. British version made popular by the Prince of Wales, later Edward VII of England from 1901 to 1910, who went to Germany for the spa. Popularity of the hat revived in the 1930's the 1940's and the 1950's. Worn by British Prime Minister, Anthony Eden. Dwight D. Eisenhower wore it for his inauguration as President of the United States in 1953.
HOOD - ( 20c. ) Nylon, cotton, insulated with goose down. Zippered front and tunneled draw cord gives wind tight fit to hood.
HOOD - At first hoods were fashioned from a coned shaped piece of fabric with the face hole cut out. Medieval hoods were attached to short capes.
HORNED HEADDRESS - ( late 14c., 15c. ) CAULS extended to great widths. They were supported with padded wires, and draped with veils that created a horned effect.
HUKE - ( Renaissance ) Hooded mantle covering the head and body. From 11c., black clothe of Moorish design. Appeared in Europe ( 16c., 17c. ) in Netherlands, Flanders, Germany Spain. Also HEUKE, HUIK HAIK Worn by Arabs, Moors, Mohammedans as an outer garment for centuries.
To see even more different types of hats, click on the link below:-
Back to Types of Hats - Alphabetical list A - D
JULIET CAP - ( Renaissance ) Mesh cap decorated with jewels or pearls. A small soft skullcap worn well back on the head, and is popular for bridal wear. A CALOTTE, takes its name from cap worn by Juliet in Shakespeare's tragedy, " Romeo and Juliet." Original story was published in 1476 in Naples.
To see even more different types of hats, click on the link below:-
KAFFIYEH, KEFFIYED - ( Arabian and Bedouin ) The headdress scarf that is held in place by the AGAL.
KAMELAUKION - ( kam e law ki on ) - ( Ancient ) Tall, cone-shaped cap of felt or fur formerly worn by religious of various Mohammedan sects. Also TAJ.
KATE GREENAWAY CAP - From illustrations in books written by Kate Greenaway ( 1846-1901 ). Children shown in 1st Empire style clothes. Also MOB
KEPI - ( kep I ) - Copy of German KOPPI, KEPI. Army cap adopted by French troops in Algiers. Cap with flat-topped crown and stiff horizontal visor.
KEVEN HULLER - 1740-1760 - large cocked hat with the front cock pinched into a sharp peak.
KLAFT, KHAT - ( Coptic for hood ) Ancient Egyptian striped lined headdress.
KRIZIA - Lacquered woven straw hat. Round crown with rolled brim. ( 1979 ). Also WEDDING RING.
KULAH - ( Persian ) Pointed skullcap. Ancient Oriental, high, cylindrical cap of lambskin or felt.
KYRBASIA - ( Ancient BASHLYK ) Persian or Median cap of felt, round, with flaps which could be fastened under chin, or with no flaps and a hanging cord.
To see even more different types of hats, click on the link below:-
Types of Hats - Alphabetical list N - Z
LEATHER HATS - Many types of hats that are made from leather
LEGHORN - ( leg horn or leg en ) - Close fitting, red woolen cap with elongated crown on which the tip folds over. Style called "El bonnet rouge," inspired by French Revolutionists ( 1792-3 ). Also style of PHRYGIAN BONNET.
LIBERTY CAP - Style evolved from the long point on the conical hood with face hole ( 12c. ). This peak was later wrapped around the head to form turbaned CHAPERON in 14c.
LINGERIE BONNETS - A smaller version of the eighteenth century mobcap
LIRIPIPE - ( lira I pipe ) - Finely plaited straw hat exported from Laverne, Italy.
LUNDARDI HAT - Hats with huge puffy crowns, usually brimmed, very popular 1783-1795
To see even more different types of hats, click on the link below:-
Back to Types of Hats - Alphabetical list A - D
MACARONI - Small tricorn worn perched above a high wig. Style adopted by fashion extremists of the Macaroni Club ( London, 1760 ), who were Italian-traveled young men. The term evolved from the 17c. Italian common people habit of calling the court dwarfs by the name of their favorite food, such as macaroni.
MAD HATTER - An oversized top hat known because of the Mercury used in hat making, which sent Milliners mad.
MANTILLA - ( man tee ya, man til a ) - French 18c. Chantilly lace replaced Moorish head scarf, black or white ( blonde ). Shawlike 19c. national Spanish or Mexican headdress of lace worn with a high comb.
MANTLE - ( Middle Ages ) Woman's head covering in any Catholic religious assembly. Evolved into HEADRAIL, HEADTIRE, WIMPLE. Also PALLA. Until 12c.
MARIE STUART COIFS AND CAPS - Small wired FRENCH HOOD that dips in front to give a heart-shaped effect. From Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots ( 1542-87 ), who was educated in France.
MARLBOROUGH HAT - A large brimmed, plumed hat: also called Gainsborough hat
MARY/MARIE STUART HAT - A Hat coming from the centre point in the middle of the forehead. Named for Mary, Queen of Scots
MATADOR HAT - ( Also BULLFIGHTER HAT ) Shape is a copy of a bull's head with short stubby horns. Broad decorated piece on crown represents bull's eye ( Ancient Cretan symbol ).
MERRY WIDOW HAT - ( Early 20c. ) Fashioned named for operetta " Merry Widow " by Franz Lehar. Large hat with wide brim, decorated with " willow" plumes and flowers.
MILKMAID HAT - ( 18c. ) " Country " fashion, garden hat with a low crown and wide brim, worn over a lingerie cap. Hat tied down with ribbon under chin. Fashion of fine straw, leghorn or horsehair. Also BERGERE, SHEPHERDESS, GYPSY, SKIMMER.
MITER, MITRE - ( my ter ) - Modern headdress of Catholic church dignitaries. A tall conical cap with ties or lappets hanging in back. Cap has two peaks, which fold flat against each other. Evolved from Ancient Eastern mitra.
MOBCAP - Worn both indoors and outdoors in 18c. Lace cap, also, linen, net, lawn. Large ribbon bow in center of cap. Took many forms, from a small lace cap to a towering MOB.
MONMOUTH - ( 17C. ) Originally mad in " capper's town " Monmouth, England. Knitted woolen cap with turned up band. Stocking cap is the modern version.
MONTERO - ( mon tar o, mon tay ro ) - Spanish word for huntsman or horsemen. A round-crowned cap with a divided flap which can be turned up or worn down to protect the neck and ears. Appeared in late 15. In 17., worn in place of a wig over a shaved head, cap usually of velvet. EUGENIE WIG was a knitted montero cap, so named because they were presented to the English Arctic expedition of 1875 by refugee Empress Eugenie. This form of cap still worn by farmers and huntsmen.
MONTGOMERY BERET - ( mont gum er I, mon gum ri ) - British type of beret worn by Sir Bernard L. Montgomery in WW II. Dark blue felt with insignia.
MORTAR BOARD - Consists of close-fitting cap with point over the forehead, attached to square top. Tassel in academic colors.
MUSHROOM HAT - Hat with shallow crown and downward curved brim. Shape resembles a mushroom. ( 20c. )
You will note that all the different types of hats above, range from the thirteenth century, some names in the list may not be familiar to you, however, there will be several types of hats listed that are common to today's millinery.
